Regulatory Status
Northern African pythons are not native to Florida and are considered an invasive species due to their impacts to native wildlife. Like all nonnative reptile species, Northern African pythons are not protected in Florida except by anti-cruelty law and can be humanely killed on private property with landowner permission. This species can be captured and humanely killed year-round and without a permit or hunting license on 32 Commission-managed lands in south Florida.
Effective April 29, 2021
Northern African pythons were added to Florida’s Prohibited species list. Learn more about the rule changes for this species.
In addition, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) lists Northern African pythons as an Injurious Species under the Lacey Act, preventing the importation of these constrictor snakes into the United States.
Description
This image shows a northern African python (left) and a Burmese python (right). Note the differences in coloration.
The Northern African python is a large, non-venomous species of constrictor snake. The average size found in Florida is around 10 feet in length, but they can grow up to 20 feet long in their native range. While very similar in appearance to the Burmese python, the pattern on the back of the Northern African python is less defined. In addition, their belly scales display a pattern of black and white markings, while those of the Burmese python are white.
In their native range, Northern African pythons can be found in a variety of habitats, ranging from semi-arid areas to swamps. They are particularly well suited for existence in agricultural areas and canals.
Species Identification
The best method to correctly identify a North African python from a Burmese python is to compare the ventral scales located on the underbelly of the snake. The North African Python belly scales display a pattern of black and white markings, while those of the Burmese python are white.
Diet
In Florida, Northern African pythons may prey upon mammals, birds, reptiles and fish.
Native Range
Northern African pythons are native to Sub-Saharan Africa.
Florida Distribution
This python species was first reported in Florida in 2001. In 2009, several Northern African pythons were found, indicating a potential breeding population in western Miami-Dade County. The FWC and partners actively survey for and remove these invasive snakes.
Potential Impacts
Because of their large size, adult Northern African pythons have few predators in Florida, with alligators being the exception. Northern African pythons can pose a threat to native species, including threatened or endangered species.
Wild pythons generally do not attack humans unprovoked and attacks on domestic pets from pythons in Florida are rare. However, as sizable predators, they are capable of preying upon larger animals, such as cats and dogs. Adult supervision of small children and pets is recommended when outside in the areas where these snakes are known to occur.
Important Links
- UF Reference Guide to Introduced Constrictors in Florida
- Conditional and Prohibited Nonnative Species Regulations
- Nonnative Species Permit Applications and Information
- View Observations of this Species in Florida
- Report Sightings of Nonnative Species
- Northern African Python Risk Summary
- Humane Killing Methods for Nonnative Reptiles
Frequently Asked Questions
What should I do if I see a Northern African python?
Report Northern African pythons to the FWC immediately! If you think you see a Northern African python, take a photo, note your location and report your sighting by calling the Exotic Species Hotline at 888-Ive-Got1 (888-483-4681), using the free IveGot1 mobile app or online at IveGot1.org.
How is the FWC managing this species?
The FWC takes actions to reduce regulatory barriers to nonnative reptile removal and encourages removal and humane killing from privately owned properties and Commission-managed lands.
Python control and management is a high priority for the FWC. Although sightings of Northern African pythons are rare, the FWC works collaboratively with its partners to assess the threat of this species and further develop management strategies. The FWC and partners are taking a multifaceted approach, focusing on removal and community engagement with the goal of eradicating this species. This approach includes:
- Canvassing and outreach to residents and landowners in areas where this species is known to be present to promote reporting of sightings and to ensure access to lands for removal and surveys.
- Multi-agency efforts to survey large parcels of land.
- Surveying new areas that have not been previously accessed to assess if these snakes are present.
- Supporting innovative research to improve our ability to detect and remove pythons.